Why do I get error "ORA-28500: INVALID_LOGIN: Invalid username, password, security token; or user locked out" when using Oracle Heterogeneous Services?

A fuller version of this error is:

ORA-28500: connection from ORACLE to a non-Oracle system returned this message: INVALID_LOGIN: Invalid username,
password, security token; or user locked out

You get this error if you're using the Oracle Heterogeneous Services agent (DG4ODBC or HSODBC) to connect Oracle to Salesforce and:

• Your Salesforce ODBC driver data source contains an invalid Salesforce user name, password, or security token.

  –Or–

• Your Salesforce ODBC driver does not provide a mechanism for you to send a complete Salesforce user name to Salesforce.

  Salesforce user names are email addresses and have the format user@domain. Depending on how an ODBC driver supplies this user name, DG4ODBC or HSODBC may strip the domain from the user.

If you are sure that the Salesforce authentication details are correct, for example, you've verified your Salesforce ODBC data source outside of Oracle, by using another ODBC application such as isql, try replacing your ODBC driver with Easysoft's Salesforce ODBC driver.

The Easysoft driver lets you to supply both the user and domain portion of the Salesforce user name with Heterogeneous Services. For more information, refer to How do I connect Oracle to Salesforce?